Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria Rhizobium (CFU: 1 X 108 Cells / ml)

Rhizobium is a bacteria found in root nodules of legumes. Rhizobium in association with legumes fixes atmospheric nitrogen. They are Gram-negative, nitrogen-fixing bacteria that form nodules on host plants. The effective nodules are large, pink, firm and their nitrogen fixing capacity is greater.

Benefits

The effective strain used in SUN BIO RHIZO culture increases the healthy nodulation and thereby nitrogen fixation (about 40 to 50 kg/ha).

About 15 to 20 % increase of crop yield can be achieved with the use of this culture.

The residues of pulses (legume crops) left in the soil after harvesting the crop are also advantageous to the subsequent crops to be sown.

Reduces expenditure on chemical fertilizer up to 20 %Seed germination, plant vigour, plant stand and crop yield is enhanced.Increase soil fertility.

Mode of Action

The symbiotic relationship implies a signal exchange between the rhizobia and the legume that leads to development of symbiotic structures. The roots of host legume plant secrete flavonoids which are recognized by the Rhizobia.

In response, the rhizobia secrete nod factors recognized by the plant causing root hair deformation and cellular processes such as ion fluxes. The rhizobia enter through the deformed root hair and forms intracellular tubes called the infection thread. The infection triggers cell division in the root cortex where a new organ, the nodule, appears as a result of successive processes.

Infection threads grow to the nodule, infect its central tissue and release the rhizobia in these cells, where they differentiate morphologically into bacteroids and fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into a plant-usable form, ammoniates, proteins, and sufficient oxygen so as not to interfere with the fixation process. Leghaemoglobins ions (NH4+), using the enzyme nitrogenous.

In return, the plant supplies the bacteria with carbohydrates are secreted which are plant proteins similar to human hemoglobin’s that help to provide oxygen for respiration while keeping the free oxygen concentration low enough not to inhibit nitrogenous activity.

Crops

Groundnut, Black gram, Green gram, Red gram, Cowpea, Bengal gram, Mustard, Soyabean, French bean, Cluster bean, Lab-Lab, Sesbania and other legume crops.Dosage and Method of Application

Seed Treatment (Per kg)

Mix 10 ml of SUN BIO RHIZO in cold jaggery solution and apply evenly on seed surface. Dry treated seed in shade before sowing and use on same day.

Seedling Treatment

Mix 10 ml of SUN BIO RHIZO in 1 liter of water dip seedling roots for 5-10 minutes before transplanting.

Soil Application (Per Acre)

Mix 1 liter of SUN BIO RHIZO with 50-100 kg of well decomposed manure or cake and apply evenly on moist soil.

Drenching

Mix 5-10 ml of SUN BIO RHIZO in 1 liter of water and apply near root zone by drenching.

Fertigation (Per Acre)

Mix 1-2 liter of SUN BIO RHIZO in water and apply in the root zone through drip system.